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The diaeresis (, ; plural: diaereses), also spelled diæresis or dieresis and also known as the trema or the umlaut, is a diacritical mark that consists of two dots placed over a letter, usually a vowel. When that letter is an ''i'' or a ''j'', the diacritic replaces the tittle: ''ï''. The ''diaeresis'' and the ''umlaut'' are diacritics marking two distinct phonological phenomena. The diaeresis represents the phenomenon also known as ''diaeresis'' or ''hiatus'' in which a vowel letter is ''not'' pronounced as part of a digraph or diphthong. The ''umlaut'' ( ), in contrast, indicates a sound shift. These two diacritics originated separately; the diaeresis is considerably older. Nevertheless, in modern computer systems using Unicode, the umlaut and diaeresis diacritics are identical, e.g. represents both ''a-umlaut'' and ''a-diaeresis''. The same symbol is also used as a diacritic in other cases, distinct from both diaeresis and umlaut. For example, in Albanian, ''ë'' represents a schwa. ==Names== The word ''diaeresis'' is from Greek ''diaíresis'' (), meaning "division", "separation", or "distinction". The word ''trema'' (plural: ''tremas'' or ''tremata''), used in French linguistics and also classical scholarship, is from the Greek ''trēma'' () and means a "perforation", "orifice", or "pip" (as on dice), thus describing the form of the diacritic rather than its function. ''Umlaut'' is the German name of the Germanic umlaut, a sound-law also known as ''i-mutation''. While the common English plural is umlauts, the correct German plural is Umlaute. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Diaeresis (diacritic)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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